huguenot surnames in germany

Another 4,000 Huguenots settled in the German territories of Baden, Franconia (Principality of Bayreuth, Principality of Ansbach), Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel, Duchy of Wrttemberg, in the Wetterau Association of Imperial Counts, in the Palatinate and Palatine Zweibrcken, in the Rhine-Main-Area (Frankfurt), in modern-day Saarland; and 1,500 found refuge in Hamburg, Bremen and Lower Saxony. The bulk of Huguenot migrs moved to Protestant states such as the Dutch Republic, England and Wales, Protestant-controlled Ireland, the Channel Islands, Scotland, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland, the electorates of Brandenburg and the Palatinate in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Duchy of Prussia. [8] The prtendus rforms ('supposedly 'reformed'') were said to gather at night at Tours, both for political purposes, and for prayer and singing psalms. (It has been adapted as a restaurantsee illustration above. The exodus brought new crafts and practices to the host nations and represented a substantial loss to the former nation states. A royal citadel was built and the university and consulate were taken over by the Catholic party. In 1646, the land was granted to Jacob Jacobson Roy, a gunner at the fort in New Amsterdam (now Manhattan), and named "Konstapel's Hoeck" (Gunner's Point in Dutch). The Hubert family name was found in the USA, the UK, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. In 1709, when the Palatinates were living at St. Katherine's by the Tower, a beautiful church and hospital were located there as well, known as St. Katharine's Church. Guided Examen Script, Macquarie Private Infrastructure Fund, Stefon Diggs Dynasty Trade Value, Remo Williams: The Adventure Continues, Michel Roux Jr Pissaladiere, Revere, Ma Zoning Dimensional Requirements, Princess Patter Enchanted Princess, The Pennsylvania-German, Volume 12 . German who had married an American girl, the daughter of a man from Avignon and a woman of Franche Comt6. [107][108][109][110][111] Huguenot regiments fought for William of Orange in the Williamite War in Ireland, for which they were rewarded with land grants and titles, many settling in Dublin. . The community they created there is still known as Fleur de Lys (the symbol of France), an unusual French village name in the heart of the valleys of Wales. Joseph de la Plaigne - Just one Huguenot refugee, Muriel Gibbs 14 Connected families from Dieppe 1688 - Bertrand, De La Mare, Lubias 16 Calendars of State Papers (Domestic) Part I, Randolph Vigne 17 The Dansays Family of St. Laurent-de-la-Pre (illustrated), Norman Bishop 18 The Temple of Quvilly, Rouen, Part I, Chris Shelley 21 The Huguenot Church Register of Pons, France: Possible . Dictionary of American Family . [65] Most are concentrated in Alsace in northeast France and the Cvennes mountain region in the south, who still regard themselves as Huguenots to this day. It includes links to books and societies that can help you find your ancestral name in France prior to the French Revolution, and it focuses on Protestant aristocratic families. In the south, towns like Castres, Montauban, Montpellier and Nimes were Huguenot strongholds. See my info below about how to contact Alsace-Lorraine, the two provinces where many Huguenots once lived. [60], Persecution of Protestants diminished in France after 1724, finally ending with the Edict of Versailles, commonly called the Edict of Tolerance, signed by Louis XVI in 1787. Today I'm compiling a book titled, A JOURNEY THROUGH TIME: The changing fortunes of the Petit Family. Both before and after the 1708 passage of the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act, an estimated 50,000 Protestant Walloons and French Huguenots fled to England, with many moving on to Ireland and elsewhere. Page 168. The Huguenots are generally well-documented and it is often possible to trace them to their French home town. [54] An amnesty granted in 1573 pardoned the perpetrators. Following the French crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, encouraged by an act of parliament for Protestants' settling in Ireland. They settled at the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and New Netherland in North America. Most of these Frenchmen were Huguenots who had fled from the religious persecutions in France, and, after a sojourn in Holland, had sought a field of greater opportunity in the New World. Then he imposed penalties, closed Huguenot schools and excluded them from favoured professions. In 1700 several hundred French Huguenots migrated from England to the colony of Virginia, where the King William III of England had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County. There were also some Calvinists in the Alsace region, which then belonged to the Holy Roman Empire. These surnames are most common in South Africa due to the immigration of the French Huguenots to the Cape of Good Hope in the 17th century. . But in the reign of William and Mary, the largest number of foreign refugees were Naturalized in these countries, from 1689 to the 3rd July, 1701. [57], The revocation forbade Protestant services, required education of children as Catholics, and prohibited emigration. Some 40,000-50,000 settled in England, mostly in towns near the sea in the southern districts, with the largest concentration in London where they constituted about 5% of the total population in 1700. And yet another fact hard to deny is that the Huguenot French component seems to have persevered to a greater extent culturally than the German. It was still illegal, and, although the law was seldom enforced, it could be a threat or a nuisance to Protestants. Trim, . By the time of his death in 1774, Calvinism had been nearly eliminated from France. Local church records and histories are very helpful in that regard. [16] During the same period there were some 1,400 Reformed churches operating in France. ", Roy A. Sundstrom, "French Huguenots and the Civil List, 1696-1727: A Study of Alien Assimilation in England. [46], In what became known as the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of 24 August 3 October 1572, Catholics killed thousands of Huguenots in Paris and similar massacres took place in other towns in the following weeks. ", Kurt Gingrich, "'That Will Make Carolina Powerful and Flourishing': Scots and Huguenots in Carolina in the 1680s. With the precedent of a historical alliancethe Auld Alliancebetween Scotland and France; Huguenots were mostly welcomed to, and found refuge in the nation from around the year 1700. [31] William Farel was a student of Lefevre who went on to become a leader of the Swiss Reformation, establishing a Protestant republican government in Geneva. The "Hugues hypothesis" argues that the name was derived by association with Hugues Capet, king of France,[6] who reigned long before the Reformation. In his Encyclopedia of Protestantism, Hans Hillerbrand wrote that on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre in 1572, the Huguenot community made up as much as 10% of the French population. The uprising occurred a decade following the death of Henry IV, who was assassinated by a Catholic fanatic in 1610. After the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, several Huguenots including Edmund Bohun of Suffolk, England, Pierre Bacot of Touraine France, Jean Postell of Dieppe France, Alexander Pepin, Antoine Poitevin of Orsement France, and Jacques de Bordeaux of Grenoble, immigrated to the Charleston Orange district. Synodicon in Gallia Reformata: or, the Acts, Decisions, Decrees, and Canons of those Famous National Councils of the Reformed Churches in France, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Huguenots&oldid=1142115187. ), Swiss political leader) of dialectal eyguenot, from German dialectal Eidgenosse, confederate, from Middle High German eitgenz : eit . Escalating, he instituted dragonnades, which included the occupation and looting of Huguenot homes by military troops, in an effort to forcibly convert them. The availability of the Bible in vernacular languages was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France. Now, it happens that those whom they called Lutherans were at that time so narrowly watched during the day that they were forced to wait till night to assemble, for the purpose of praying God, for preaching and receiving the Holy Sacrament; so that although they did not frighten nor hurt anybody, the priests, through mockery, made them the successors of those spirits which roam the night; and thus that name being quite common in the mouth of the populace, to designate the evangelical huguenands in the country of Tourraine and Amboyse, it became in vogue after that enterprise. . By the start of the French and Indian War, the North American front of the Seven Years' War, a sizeable population of Huguenot descent lived in the British colonies, and many participated in the British defeat of New France in 17591760.[119]. A number of New Amsterdam's families were of Huguenot origin, often having immigrated as refugees to the Netherlands in the previous century. He called this tip of the peninsula which jutted out into Newark Bay, "Bird's Point". Some Huguenot descendants in the Netherlands may be noted by French family names, although they typically use Dutch given names. The Huguenot emigrants were different from the Dutch and German settlers who made up the average population of the Cape Colony. It is said that they landed on the coastline peninsula of Davenports Neck called "Bauffet's Point" after travelling from England where they had previously taken refuge on account of religious persecution, four years before the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. Many Walloon and Huguenot families were granted asylum there. Huguenot Trails. When Paul Roux, a pastor who arrived with the main group of Huguenots, died in 1724, the Dutch administration, as a special concession, permitted another French cleric to take his place "for the benefit of the elderly who spoke only French". This ended legal recognition of Protestantism in France and the Huguenots were forced to either convert to Catholicism (possibly as Nicodemites) or flee as refugees; they were subject to violent dragonnades. The surnames Boileau and Des Voeux have disappeared from this locality only a few years ago, General Boileau and Major Des Voeux with their families having left Portarlington. He was a pastor. The Pennsylvania-German, Volume 5 Full view - 1904. The Huguenots were French Calvinists, active mostly in the sixteenth century. These included Languedoc-Roussillon, Gascony and even a strip of land that stretched into the Dauphin. 4,000 emigrated to the Thirteen Colonies, where they settled, especially in New York, the Delaware River Valley in Eastern Pennsylvania, New Jersey,[22] and Virginia. Persecution diminished the number of Huguenots who remained in France. The Portuguese executed them. Huguenots fled first to neighboring countries, the Netherlands, the Swiss cantons, England, and some German states, and a few thousand of them farther away to Russia, Scandinavia, British North America, and the Dutch Cape colony in southern Africa.About 2,000 Huguenots settled in New York, South Carolina, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island in the . Research genealogy for Thomas Russell of Kegworth, Leicestershire, England, as well as other members of the Russell family, on Ancestry. Some of their descendants moved into the Deep South and Texas, where they developed new plantations. After centuries, most Huguenots have assimilated into the various societies and cultures where they settled. The first Mennonite immigrants bearing this name came to PA in the first half of the 18th century. FAQs; Blog; Past Newsletters; Scrapbook; Huguenot Names. It is the last name of former New York Yankees baseball player, Derek Jeter. If you contact us without visiting the Museum the charge is 35 for up to two hours research, though we will discuss the likelihood of Huguenot ancestry with you, before taking your payment. He became pastor of the first Huguenot church in North America in that city. A few French Huguenot surnames that remain common today include the surnames Du Plessis, De Villiers, Joubert, Le Roux, Naude and Rousseau. Around 1685, Huguenot refugees found a safe haven in the Lutheran and Reformed states in Germany and Scandinavia. Some remained, practicing their Faith in secret. In 1840 there were 10 Hubert families living in Louisiana. Other evidence of the Walloons and Huguenots in Canterbury includes a block of houses in Turnagain Lane, where weavers' windows survive on the top floor, as many Huguenots worked as weavers. By 1600, it had declined to 78%,[citation needed] and was reduced further late in the century after the return of persecution under Louis XIV, who instituted the dragonnades to forcibly convert Protestants, and then finally revoked all Protestant rights in his Edict of Fontainebleau of 1685. However, enforcement of the Edict grew increasingly irregular over time, making life so intolerable that many fled the country. As both spoke French in daily life, their court church in the Prinsenhof in Delft held services in French. In this last connection, the name could suggest the derogatory inference of superstitious worship; popular fancy held that Huguon, the gate of King Hugo,[7] was haunted by the ghost of le roi Huguet (regarded by Roman Catholics as an infamous scoundrel) and other spirits. ", Robin Gwynn, "The number of Huguenot immigrants in England in the late seventeenth century. [16][17], The new teaching of John Calvin attracted sizeable portions of the nobility and urban bourgeoisie. The Pennsylvania-German, Volume 9 Full view - 1908. The first groups of German immigrants to the US began to arrive as early as the 1670s. In France, Calvinists in the United Protestant Church of France and also some in the Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine consider themselves Huguenots. Stadtholder William III of Orange, who later became King of England, emerged as the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV after the French attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672. The Huguenot Society of America maintains the Manakin Episcopal Church in Virginia as a historic shrine with occasional services. For over 150 years, Huguenots were allowed to hold their services in Lady Chapel in St. Patrick's Cathedral. Jean Cauvin (John Calvin), another student at the University of Paris, also converted to Protestantism. [81] In colonial New York city they switched from French to English or Dutch by 1730.[82]. Page 166. I know . The rebellions were implacably suppressed by the French crown. The ancestral listing on our website is an "open listing" which means it is periodically updated from time to time as new information becomes available. [116] John Arnold Fleming wrote extensively of the French Protestant group's impact on the nation in his 1953 Huguenot Influence in Scotland,[117] while sociologist Abraham Lavender, who has explored how the ethnic group transformed over generations "from Mediterranean Catholics to White Anglo-Saxon Protestants", has analyzed how Huguenot adherence to Calvinist customs helped facilitate compatibility with the Scottish people.[118]. Remnant communities of Camisards in the Cvennes, most Reformed members of the United Protestant Church of France, French members of the largely German Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine, and the Huguenot diaspora in England and Australia, all still retain their beliefs and Huguenot designation. Around 1294, a French version of the Scriptures was prepared by the Roman Catholic priest, Guyard des Moulins. One of the more notable Huguenot descendants in Ireland was Sen Lemass (18991971), who was appointed as Taoiseach, serving from 1959 until 1966. A number of Huguenots served as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18th centuries. On 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown. Assimilated, the French made numerous contributions to United States economic life, especially as merchants and artisans in the late Colonial and early Federal periods. Huguenots lived on the Atlantic coast in La Rochelle, and also spread across provinces of Normandy and Poitou. A-B Adrian Agombar Ammonet Andr Annereau Appel Arabin Arbou/Harbou Arbouin Archinal Ardouin Armand Arnaud Asselin Auvache Avard Azire Bailhache Ballou Balmer/Balmier Baly Barben Barberie Bardin Barnier Barraud Barrett (Barr) Bartels Bartier/Bertier Bastet Baud Bdard Beehag (Behague) Beharell . In 1565 the Spanish decided to enforce their claim to La Florida, and sent Pedro Menndez de Avils, who established the settlement of St. Augustine near Fort Caroline. The first Huguenots to leave France sought freedom from persecution in Switzerland and the Netherlands. By 1692, a total of 201 French Huguenots had settled at the Cape of Good Hope. Previous to the erection of it, the strong men would often walk twenty-three miles on Saturday evening, the distance by the road from New Rochelle to New York, to attend the Sunday service. There have been many migrations in Europe since the Middle . "[10], Some have suggested the name was derived, with similar intended scorn, from les guenon de Hus (the 'monkeys' or 'apes of Jan Hus'). While many American Huguenot groups worship in borrowed churches, the congregation in Charleston has its own church. By contrast, the Protestant populations of eastern France, in Alsace, Moselle, and Montbliard, were mainly Lutherans. The Huguenot Museum in Bad Karlshafen, Germany has some fascinating exhibits. However, in France, the name France is ranked the 2,810 th . Flemish and Huguenot surnames were common in Zeeland. The Huguenots of the state opposed the monopoly of power the Guise family had and wanted to attack the authority of the crown. Of the refugees who arrived on the Kent coast, many gravitated towards Canterbury, then the . Demographically, there were some areas in which the whole populations had been Reformed. [citation needed], Following the accidental death of Henry II in 1559, his son succeeded as King Francis II along with his wife, the Queen Consort, also known as Mary, Queen of Scots. The Edict reaffirmed Roman Catholicism as the state religion of France, but granted the Protestants equality with Catholics under the throne and a degree of religious and political freedom within their domains. These were especially poor wretches living in desperate circumstances or mercenaries who had been unemployed since the end of the 30 years war. Jeter French (Huguenot), German Jeter is a French and German surname. Some Huguenot preachers and congregants were attacked as they attempted to meet for worship. Many researchers are challenged by the following list of obstacles, including: While a small amount of Huguenots did come, the majority switched from speaking French to English. If you would like any more information, please email admin@huguenotmuseum.org or call on 01634 789 347. It took French troops years to hunt down and destroy all the bands of Camisards, between 1702 and 1709. Louis XIV claimed that the French Huguenot population was reduced from about 900,000 or 800,000 adherents to just 1,000 or 1,500. Francis initially protected the Huguenot dissidents from Parlementary measures seeking to exterminate them. Dr Kathleen Chater has been tracing her own family history for over 30 years. Dutch and Walloon Calvinists arrived in force in Elizabethan England - there were over 15,000 foreign Protestants in the country in the 1590s, the majority Dutch and almost all of the remainder Walloon and Huguenot - but few needed to come once the independence of the United Provinces was secured. By 17 September, almost 25,000 Protestants had been massacred in Paris alone. Some Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt (15681609). The term, which may be derived from the name of a Swiss political leader, the Genevan burgomaster Bezanson Hugues (14911532? History: As a name of Swiss German origin (see 1 above) the surname Martin is very common among the American Mennonites. [69] The largest portion of the Huguenots to settle in the Cape arrived between 1688 and 1689 in seven ships as part of the organised migration, but quite a few arrived as late as 1700; thereafter, the numbers declined and only small groups arrived at a time.[70]. Several picture galleries can be viewed online, including Huguenot trades [Hugenottisches . The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many of them had occupied important places in society. It became one of the 100 foundational texts of the US Library of Congress. In relative terms, this could be the largest wave of immigration of a single community into Britain ever. New Rochelle, located in the county of Westchester on the north shore of Long Island Sound, seemed to be the great location of the Huguenots in New York. Individual Huguenots settled at the Cape of Good Hope from as early as 1671; the first documented was the wagonmaker Franois Vilion (Viljoen). Retaliating against the French Catholics, the Huguenots had their own militia. The kingdom did not fully recover for years. English (of French Huguenot origin): Anglicized form of French Le Groux (see Groux) or Le Greux. 3rd. [54][55] Beyond Paris, the killings continued until 3 October. The Huguenots responded by establishing independent political and military structures, establishing diplomatic contacts with foreign powers, and openly revolting against central power. In the United States there are several Huguenot worship groups and societies. [28] They were suppressed by Francis I in 1545 in the Massacre of Mrindol. Most of the cities in which the Huguenots gained a hold saw iconoclast riots in which altars and images in churches, and sometimes the buildings themselves torn down. The Huguenots of religion were influenced by John Calvin's works and established Calvinist synods. Manifesto, (or Declaration of Principles), of the French Protestant Church of London, Founded by Charter of Edward VI. There is a Huguenot society in London, as well as a. Huguenots of Spitalfields is a registered charity promoting public understanding of the Huguenot heritage and culture in Spitalfields, the City of London and beyond. The Huguenots transformed themselves into a definitive political movement thereafter. Bette Davis (1908-1989), American actress, descended from the Huguenot Favor family on her mother's side. French Huguenots made two attempts to establish a haven in North America. [citation needed] In 1705, Amsterdam and the area of West Frisia were the first areas to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants, followed by the whole Dutch Republic in 1715. The Prime Minister of South Africa from 1958-1966 was born in the Netherlands.

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