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[123][124] Even in its months of highest rainfall, Sydney has relatively few rainy days, with an average mean of 7 to 8 rainy days per month on the 1 mm (0.04 in) threshold. This makes them the oldest botanic garden in Australia. The first indications of a proper legal system emerged with the passing of a Charter of Justice in 1814. In addition, four public universities offer programmes in Sydney through third-party education providers: University of the Sunshine Coast, La Trobe University, Federation University Australia and Charles Darwin University. In 1851, it became an … [221] Car dependency is an ongoing issue in Sydney–of people that travel to work, 58.4% use a car, 9.1% catch a train, 5.2% take a bus, and 4.1% walk. The lowest minimum temperature recorded was −7.2 °C (19.0 °F) at Eyre Bird Observatory on 17 August 2008.[28]. Winemaking regions are concentrated in the cooler climate of the south-western portion of the state. Australians aren't that fussed", "Sydney, Melbourne more expensive than New York, says Living Index", "Sydney retains #10 ranking in Mercer's global quality of living survey", "World's most liveable cities: Vienna's win leaves Sydney and Melbourne in a spin", "Another shot at making city a finance hub", "History of the Library | State Library of New South Wales", "Hyde Park: Plan of Management and Masterplan", "Settlers' history rewritten: go back 30,000 years", Phillip, Arthur (1738–1814) by B. H. Fletcher, "The origin of the smallpox outbreak in Sydney in 1789", "WHO WE ARE: The man who nearly changed everything", "Coffee Palaces in Australia: A Pub with No Beer", "Emerald City rewatched – Melbourne-Sydney rivalry in a screwball dramedy", "Sydney 2000: Closing Ceremony; A Fond Farewell From Australia", "Census of population and housing: selected characteristics for urban centres, Australia", "Green streets: which city has the most trees? [319] The first Australian-born female novelist, Louisa Atkinson, set various of her novels in Sydney. The Strand Arcade, which is located between Pitt Street Mall and George Street, is a historical Victorian-style shopping arcade. Coetzee's Diary of a Bad Year (2007) and Kate Grenville's The Secret River (2010). Shipbuilding (e.g. [363], In the past, the state has tended to resist amalgamating Sydney's more populated local government areas as merged councils could pose a threat to its governmental power. [221] The married population accounts for 49.7% of Sydney whilst 34.7% of people have never been married. (1990) Taken for Granted: the Bushland of Sydney and Its Suburbs, Sydney, William, E and Airey, DW. In accordance with the Australian Bureau of Statistics source. Sydney co-hosted the FIBA Oceania Championship in 1979, 1985, 1989, 1995, 2007, 2009 and 2011. According to calculations by the Senseable City Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), 25.9% of Sydney is covered by trees, making it the third largest city in the world with the most trees after Singapore and Oslo, respectively, tying with Vancouver. [2] 1,390,703 people were enrolled in an educational institution in 2011 with 45.1% of these attending school and 16.5% studying at a university. [8] Its motto is "Cygnis Insignis" ("Bearing the Sign of the Swan"). [385], The motor vehicle, more than any other factor, has determined the pattern of Sydney's urban development since World War II. On the city harbour edge, the historic suburb and wharves of Millers Point are being built up as the new area of Barangaroo. Eighty-five percent of the state's runoff occurs in the Kimberley, but because it occurs in violent floods and because of the insurmountable poverty of the generally shallow soils, the only development has taken place along the Ord River. It occasionally features Australian theatre icons such as David Williamson, Hugo Weaving, and Geoffrey Rush. [254] Of the 15 categories only measured by UBS in 2012, workers receive the seventh highest wage levels of 77 cities in the world. -Re reptiles of the outer north-western suburbs of Sydney. [345] Royal Randwick Racecourse opened in 1833 and holds several major cups throughout the year. Most of Sydney's water storages can be found on tributaries of the Nepean River. Upon his appointment, Governor Lachlan Macquarie set ambitious targets for the architectural design of new construction projects. In recent years, tourism has grown in importance, with significant numbers of visitors to the state coming from the UK and Ireland (28%), other European countries (14%) Singapore (16%), Japan (10%) and Malaysia (8%). Western Australia—particularly Perth—has the highest proportion of British-born of any state: 10.3% in 2011, compared to a national average of 5.1%. [225] A range of heritage housing styles can be found throughout Sydney. A total of 39,000 tonnes of structural steel span the 503 metres (1,650 feet) between Milsons Point and Dawes Point.[69][205]. [104] Sydney has an average of 7.2 hours of sunshine per day[105] and 109.5 clear days annually. [214] The tallest structure is Sydney Tower, designed by Donald Crone and completed in 1981. There were 1.76 million dwellings in Sydney in 2016 including 925,000 (57%) detached houses, 227,000 (14%) semi-detached terrace houses and 456,000 (28%) units and apartments. It services 46 international and 23 domestic destinations. Sharples, J.J. Mills, G.A., McRae, R.H.D., Weber, R.O. [177] Prospect Hill, a historically significant ridge in the west and the only area in Sydney with ancient volcanic activity,[178] is also listed on the NSW State Heritage Register. These have resulted in damage to invertebrate and bacterial populations. [142] Westfield Sydney, located beneath the Sydney Tower, is the largest shopping centre by area in Sydney. The Greater Sydney Commission envisions a resident population of 1,338,250 people by 2036 in its Eastern City District (including the City and Inner West). These span up to about 11 km west of the CBD. Maps from this time show no prison buildings; the punishment for convicts was transportation rather than incarceration, but serious offences were penalised by flogging and hanging. [394] It served routes covering 291 kilometres (181 miles). Led by immigrants from the British Isles, Western Australia's population developed at a faster rate during the twentieth century than it had previously. The city's first emergency department was established at Sydney Hospital in 1870. Coal mined at Collie is the main fuel for baseload electricity generation in the state's south-west. The population of Melbourne is 4.9 million.. Melbourne is a multicultural city (it welcomes people and cultures from all over the world). Gschicht. [390], There can be up to 350,000 cars using Sydney's roads simultaneously during peak hour, leading to significant traffic congestion. [95][96][97], At Sydney's primary weather station at Observatory Hill, extreme temperatures have ranged from 45.8 °C (114.4 °F) on 18 January 2013 to 2.1 °C (35.8 °F) on 22 June 1932. Um diese einmal selbst sehen zu dürfen, reisen jährlich mehrere Millionen internationale Besucher nach Down Under und nehmen entweder an … Aust. Dazua aa no Insln, de wo weida wegga lieng, wia z. Darüber hinaus existieren scherzhafte Namensabwandlungen wie Bris Vegas oder Brisneyland, die allerdings nur vereinzelt verwendet werden. Vivid Sydney is an annual outdoor exhibition of art installations, light projections, and music. Poor equipment and unfamiliar soils and climate continued to hamper the expansion of farming from Farm Cove to Parramatta and Toongabbie, but a building programme, assisted by convict labour, advanced steadily. "Eora" is the term the indigenous population used to explain their origins upon first contact with the British. ... Er verließ Australien 1966 und betrat den Kontinent nie wieder. Despite its high ranking for an Australian city, Sydney has a low level of mass-transit services, with a historically low-density layout and significant urban sprawl, thus increasing the likelihood of car dependency. [365] It is responsible for fostering development in the local area, providing local services (waste collection and recycling, libraries, parks, sporting facilities), representing and promoting the interests of residents, supporting organisations that target the local community, and attracting and providing infrastructure for commerce, tourism, and industry. [329] The travelling rock music festival Big Day Out originated in Sydney. [204] Acclaimed architects such as Jean Nouvel, Harry Seidler, Richard Rogers, Renzo Piano, Norman Foster, and Frank Gehry have each made their own contribution to the city's skyline. After World War II, it experienced mass migration and became one of the most multicultural cities in the world. The live medium lost much of its popularity to the cinema during the Great Depression before experiencing a revival after World War II. [222] 31.6% of dwellings in Sydney are rented, 30.4% are owned outright and 34.8% are owned with a mortgage. Terrace houses are found in the inner suburbs such as Paddington, The Rocks, Potts Point and Balmain–many of which have been the subject of gentrification. [53], Conditions in the colony were not conducive to the development of a thriving new metropolis, but the more regular arrival of ships and the beginnings of maritime trade (such as wool) helped to lessen the burden of isolation. Sydney Cove from Port Jackson to Petersham was inhabited by the Cadigal clan. Western Australia is home to around 540 species of birds (depending on the taxonomy used). Impressum & Kontakt. [76], Further to the sister state relationship, the City of Rockingham in Western Australia and the City of Akō in Hyōgo signed a sister city agreement in 1997. [2] The Professional Services and Financial and Insurance Services industries account for 25.4% of employment within the City of Sydney. [221] Undergraduate or postgraduate qualifications are held by 22.5% of working age Sydney residents and 40.2% of working age residents of the City of Sydney. [375] The administration of healthcare across Sydney is handled by eight local health districts: Central Coast, Illawarra Shoalhaven, Sydney, Nepean Blue Mountains, Northern Sydney, South Eastern Sydney, South Western Sydney, and Western Sydney. [314] Contemporary art galleries are found in Waterloo, Surry Hills, Darlinghurst, Paddington, Chippendale, Newtown, and Woollahra. [5] Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Port Jackson and extends about 70 km (43.5 mi) on its periphery towards the Blue Mountains to the west, Hawkesbury to the north, the Royal National Park to the south and Macarthur to the south-west. [259], Unemployment in the City of Sydney averaged 4.6% for the decade to 2013, much lower than the current rate of unemployment in Western Sydney of 7.3%. Hat sich echt gelohnt die Investition! [184][185][186], In 1814 the Governor called on a convict named Francis Greenway to design Macquarie Lighthouse. After British settlement in Australia in 1788, it was called the Port Phillip District of New South Wales. Some metropolitan suburbs are serviced by Pay TV via cable; however, most of the metropolitan and rural areas can only access Pay TV via satellite. [2] At the time of the 2011 census, more than 250 different languages were spoken in Sydney. [137] The Australian Bureau of Statistics includes City of Central Coast (the former Gosford City and Wyong Shire) as part of Greater Sydney for population counts. [361] The city is also the home of numerous branches of the intermediate District Court of New South Wales and the lower Local Court of New South Wales. [83][84] The terms are still found in the names of certain companies and buildings, e.g. [76][78], Following the Great Hanshin earthquake that devastated southern Hyōgo in January 1995, Western Australian groups and businesses raised funds and provided materials, whilst individuals travelled to Hyōgo to help with emergency relief and the subsequent reconstruction process. [222] Median house prices have increased by an average of 8.6% per annum since 1970. [54], Between 1790 and 1816, Sydney became one of the many sites of the Australian Frontier Wars, a series of conflicts between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the resisting Indigenous clans. [179], Further to the southwest is the region of Macarthur and the city of Campbelltown, a significant population centre until the 1990s considered a region separate to Sydney proper. The Sydney Basin was formed when the Earth's crust expanded, subsided, and filled with sediment in the early Triassic period. Hunters Hill and Gladesville are often also considered as being part of the Lower North Shore. [353] In 1823 the British Parliament passed an act to create the Legislative Council in New South Wales and give the Supreme Court the right of review over new legislation. They occur within 1,543 genera from 211 families; there are also 1,276 naturalised alien or invasive plant species, more commonly known as weeds. Parramatta Road was opened in 1811, which is one of Sydney's oldest roads and Australia's first highway between two cities – Sydney (present day city centre) and Parramatta. The only significant economic activity is mining. The City of Sydney became the first council in Australia to achieve formal certification as carbon-neutral in 2008. Sydney is home to nine of the sixteen teams in the National Rugby League competition: Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs, Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks, Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, Penrith Panthers, Parramatta Eels, South Sydney Rabbitohs, St George Illawarra Dragons, Sydney Roosters, and Wests Tigers. [169] Auburn Botanic Gardens, a botanical garden situated in Auburn, attracts thousands of visitors each year, including a significant number from outside Australia. [386] The most important roads in Sydney were the nine Metroads, including the 110-kilometre (68-mile) Sydney Orbital Network. [330] It hosts the Australian Fashion Week in autumn. [38], Britain—before that, England—and Ireland had for a long time been sending their convicts across the Atlantic to the American colonies. Around 29 clan groups of the Eora Nation inhabited the region at the time of European contact. [384] Westmead Hospital in 1978 was the last major facility to open. The terrace style housing has largely been retained and Darlinghurst has undergone significant gentrification since the 1980s. [301] One of the biggest crime related issues to face the city in recent times was the introduction of lock-out laws in February 2014,[302] in an attempt to curb alcohol fuelled violence. Since its completion in 1973 the city's Opera House has become a World Heritage Site and one of the world's most renowned pieces of Modern design. [306], The Australian Museum opened in Sydney in 1827 with the purpose of collecting and displaying the natural wealth of the colony. The Australian Bureau of Statistics has stated that most who nominate "Australian" as their ancestry are part of the, Of any ancestry. York was the first inland settlement in Western Australia, situated 97 kilometres (60 mi) east of Perth and settled on 16 September 1831. Whaling was a key marine industry but ceased at Albany in 1978. The name New Holland remained in popular and semi-official use until at least the mid-1850s; that is, it was in use for about 206 years in comparison to the name Australia which to date has been in use for about 192 years.[12]:11. Southern Sydney includes the suburbs in the local government areas of former Rockdale, Georges River Council (collectively known as the St George area), and broadly it also includes the suburbs in the local government area of Sutherland, south of the Georges River (colloquially known as 'The Shire'). [119][125][101][126] From 1990 to 1999, Sydney received around 20 thunderstorms per year. The Sydney Conservatorium of Music is located adjacent to the Royal Botanic Garden and serves the Australian music community through education and its biannual Australian Music Examinations Board exams. [245], Sydney's nominal gross domestic product was AU$400.9 billion and AU$80,000 per capita[246] in 2015. Its tracks form part of the New South Wales railway network. [63], Education in Western Australia consists of one year of pre-school at age 4 or 5, followed by six years of primary education for all students as of 2015. The city is also prone to severe storms. Even soils derived from granitic bedrock contain an order of magnitude less available phosphorus and only half as much nitrogen as soils in comparable climates in other continents. [45] The colony was at first to be titled "New Albion" (after Albion, another name for Great Britain), but Phillip decided on "Sydney".The official proclamation and naming of the colony happened on 7 February 1788. It transports water 100 kilometres (62 miles) from the Nepean, Cataract, and Cordeaux rivers and continues to service about 15% of Sydney's total water needs. In the 1890s, interstate immigration, resulting from a mining boom in the Goldfields region, resulted in a sharp population increase. 5.2% of residents of Sydney are attending a university. [34] In Gewässer und Landstrichen tummeln sich jede Menge giftige Tiere und Pflanzen. The native people of Wales, the Welsh, have their own culture and traditions.They have their own Celtic language, Welsh.Although not all Welsh people can … The settlement was founded in response to British concerns about the possibility of a French colony being established on the coast of Western Australia. The West Australian Symphony Orchestra (WASO) is based at the Perth Concert Hall. [234] It is regarded for its well-preserved records of indigenous habitation and more than 800 rock engravings, cave drawings and middens have been located in the park. The year 1840 was the final year of convict transportation to Sydney, which by this time had a population of 35,000. [11] By the late 18th century, British and French sailors had begun to explore the Western Australian coast. [64][65][66] Nevertheless, Sydney exceeded Melbourne's population in the early twentieth century and remains Australia's largest city. [362], In common with other Australian capital cities, Sydney has no single local government covering its whole area. Alle Campingplätze drin, mit Userbewertung, oft Fotos, Adressen. Proceedings 8th Australia New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics: Consolidating Knowledge. The city's New Year's Eve celebrations are the largest in Australia. A new skyline of concrete and steel skyscrapers swept away much of the old lowrise and often sandstone skyline of the city in the 1960s and 1970s, with Australia Square being the tallest building in Sydney from its completion in 1967 until 1976 and is also notable for being the first skyscraper in Australia. Bus services today are conducted by a mixture of Government and private operators. Contemporary buildings in the CBD include Citigroup Centre,[207] Aurora Place,[208] Chifley Tower,[209][210] the Reserve Bank building,[211] Deutsche Bank Place,[212] MLC Centre,[213] and Capita Centre. [200] The Queen Victoria Building was designed in Romanesque Revival fashion by George McRae and completed in 1898. The city now has a world heritage listed building, several national heritage listed buildings, and dozens of Commonwealth heritage listed buildings as evidence of the survival of Macquarie's ideals. It is one of nine sister city relationships between Western Australian and Japanese cities. In federal politics, Sydney was initially considered as a possibility for Australia's capital city; the newly created city of Canberra ultimately filled this role. [188] Greenway went on to design the Hyde Park Barracks in 1819 and the Georgian style St James's Church in 1824. 4.6K likes. The Swifts are competitors in the national women's netball league. At the 2016 census, the most commonly nominated ancestries were:[N 2][294][295], At the 2016 census, there were 2,071,872 people living in Sydney that were born outside the country, accounting for 42.9% of the population,[298] below Miami (58.3%) and Toronto (47.0%), but above Vancouver (42.5%), Los Angeles (37.7%), New York City (37.5%), Chicago (20.7%), Paris (14.6%) and Berlin (13%). The suburb of Cronulla in southern Sydney is close to Royal National Park, Australia's oldest national park. [18][19][20] It is classified as an Alpha Global City by Globalization and World Cities Research Network, indicating its influence in the region and throughout the world. [315] Prominent theatres in the city today include State Theatre, Theatre Royal, Sydney Theatre, The Wharf Theatre, and Capitol Theatre. [64] At age 12 or 13, students begin six years of secondary education. Sydney Football Stadium was completed in 1988 and is used for rugby and soccer matches. [103] The average annual temperature of the sea ranges from 18.5 °C (65.3 °F) in September to 23.7 °C (74.7 °F) in February. [235], The area now known as The Domain was set aside by Governor Arthur Phillip in 1788 as his private reserve. In summer, most rain falls from thunderstorms and in winter from cold fronts. One-tenth of the state's population attended a New South Wales versus New Zealand rugby match in 1907. Die doch so weltoffenen Australier waren … Unser Blog Robe is a town and fishing port located in the Limestone Coast of South Australia. [34] Established in 1906, Central station, the largest and busiest railway station in the state, is the main hub of the city's rail network. [226][227] These terraces, particularly those in suburbs such as The Rocks, were historically home to Sydney's miners and labourers. [267] The Commonwealth Bank of Australia was formed in Sydney in 1911 and began to issue notes backed by the resources of the nation. Sydney Trains is the suburban rail service. [101] The hottest day in the Sydney metropolitan area occurred in Penrith on 4 January 2020, where a high of 48.9 °C (120.0 °F) was recorded. Prominent authors include Katharine Susannah Prichard, Randolph Stow, Tim Winton, Kim Scott, Sally Morgan, Joan London, Mary Durack and Craig Silvey. [424], The city also has an "urban forest growth strategy", in which it aims to regular increase the tree coverage in the city by frequently planting trees with strong leaf density and vegetation to provide cleaner air and create moisture during hot weather, thus lowering city temperatures. [373] 14 of the 17 selective secondary schools in New South Wales are based in Sydney. The area is serviced by the T1, T2, and T3 railway lines, including the Main Suburban Line; which is the first to be constructed in New South Wales. [254], The labour force of Greater Sydney Region in 2016 was 2,272,722 with a participation rate of 61.6%. 10.3% chose not to state a religion. Sydney Airport, officially "Sydney Kingsford-Smith Airport", is located in the inner southern suburb of Mascot with two of the runways going into Botany Bay. The national Wallabies rugby union team competes in Sydney in international matches such as the Bledisloe Cup, Rugby Championship, and World Cup. This article is about the Australian metropolis. [247] The Financial and Insurance Services industry accounts for 18.1% of gross product and is ahead of Professional Services with 9% and Manufacturing with 7.2%. [345] Horse racing remains popular to this day and events such as the Golden Slipper Stakes attract widespread attention. [50] The region's indigenous population was also suffering. The Sydney Writers' Festival is held every year between April and May. [258] The median weekly income for the same period was $719 for individuals, $1,988 for families, and $1,750 for household. [200] The college became the Sydney Institute in 1992 and now operates alongside its sister TAFE facilities across the Sydney metropolitan area, namely the Northern Sydney Institute, the Western Sydney Institute, and the South Western Sydney Institute. Macquarie served as the last autocratic Governor of New South Wales, from 1810 to 1821 and had a leading role in the social and economic development of Sydney which saw it transition from a penal colony to a budding free society. This year too Wikimedia CH will join the Wiki Loves Monuments international photo contest.. Wiki Loves Monuments is an international photo contest dedicated to collecting pictures of historical monuments and heritage sites to illustrate articles in the worldwide free Internet encyclopedia Wikipedia and other Wikimedia Foundation projects.. What? [2], Macquarie gave a charter in 1817 to form the first bank in Australia, the Bank of New South Wales. Many areas of the city bordering bushland have experienced bushfires, which tend to occur during the spring and summer. Die Einwohner von Melbourne werden im Englischen Melburnians genannt. Melbourne wurde 1837 nach dem damaligen britischen Premierminister Lord Melbourne benannt und ist katholischer sowie anglikanischer … Thomas Nelson (Australia) Limited, 1967. [332][333] Kings Cross was previously considered the red-light district though the 2014-2020 lockout laws affected this area most. The Kurnell peninsula, near Botany Bay, is the site of the first landfall on the eastern coastline made by Lt. (later Captain) James Cook in 1770. [274] Its manufacturing output of $21.7 billion in 2013 was greater than that of Melbourne with $18.9 billion. Western Australia has served as the setting for a number of works of Australian literature. During the war, Sydney experienced a surge in industrial development to meet the needs of a wartime economy. Modern and International architecture came to Sydney from the 1940s. [320] Contemporary writers, such as Elizabeth Harrower, were born in the city and thus set most of the work there–Harrower's debut novel Down in the City (1957) was mostly set in a King's Cross apartment.

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